Legal System Corruption And Where Is Corruption

legal system? Corruption: What is corruption and where is corruption in our world? The broad or basic dictionary definition of corruption is dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery (Corruption |Usage Example Sentence, Pronunciation, Web Definition | Google Dictionary.). My definition of corruption is the same, but my definition of corruption in law enforcement is different. This is my definition of corruption in law enforcement; when officers of the law are apart of officer misconduct and corruption which are abuses of their police authority. The misconduct and corruption refer to a wide range of different procedural, criminal, and civil violations. Officer misconduct is the broadest category, it is procedural when misconduct refers to officers who violate their police departments rules and/or regulations; it is criminal when misconduct refers to officers who violate state and/or federal laws; it is unconstitutional when misconduct refers to officers who viol ate a citizen s civil rights. The most common forms of officer misconduct are the excessive use of physical and/or deadly force, discriminatory arrest, physical and/or verbal harassment, and selective enforcement of the law. People who are corrupt in law enforcement create a negative perception of the United States legal system. What is corruption and where is corruption in our world? Why police officers lie under oath. Thousands of innocent people plead guilty to crimesShow MoreRelatedThe Crime Of Money Laundering1445 Words   |  6 Pages1.0 Background of study Over a long period of time, corruption has been the focal point of every government, media and academics globally. Through money laundering, proceeds of crime can be disguised. Proceeds of crime can simply be put as money earned from profit-oriented crime. The methods used are many and highly complicated. Corruption is one of the organised crime which is said to be primarily associated with the laundering of proceeds through money laundering. Technological tools accord furtherRead MoreEssay Case734 Words   |  3 PagesHong Le 4/11/2013 MGMT 4670 Prof. Damkar Written Response #1 1. What systems make up the political economy? What is the relationship of these systems? Political economy is made up of political systems, economic systems and legal systems of a country. The political, economic, legal systems can have a profound impact on the level of the economic development in a country and hence the attractiveness of a country and its potential as a trading partner or host for a foreign direct investmentRead MoreThe List Of Core Corrupt Acts1345 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"popular† among white-collar employees, like higher government officials, I am going to address to this kind of a corruption. Bribery perhaps is the most widespread form of corruption. In the opinion of Santoro and Strauss (2013), bribery is the giving, offering, soliciting or receiving of any valuable item to influence or sway the actions of those with power or officials in discharge of legal or public duty. In other words, it is giving or receiving something of value to influence a transaction. A crimeRead MoreReasons For Socio Economic Rights1515 Words   |  7 Pagescriminalisation? As argued in chapter six, the research answered the question that socio-economic rights quite unlike civil and political rights has retained second-rank status in practice and this has influenced the lower status accorded to it in most domestic legal frameworks. Besides, international criminal law is argued to be overtly crisis focused. Starr proffers three reasons for the crisis focus nature of international criminal law ‘its historical and doctrinal roots, the theories used to support internationalRead MoreCultural Values And Practices Influence Corruption1573 Words   |  7 Pagescountry is entirely free from corruption. Worldwide, different types of corruption occur at varying degrees. Theorists have analysed the historical, economic, political, and legal factors behind the phenomenon, but are still unable to account for why corruption rates vary so vastly across countries with similar political-economic systems. This essay examines a crucial but insufficiently considered variable – culture, and explores its significance in explaining corruption. I argue that culture playsRead MoreIndia And Jap Rule Of Law1641 Words   |  7 Pagesits citizens with enforcement structures. In India, Western ideals and institutions were welcomed and successfully integrated with local culture. In Japan, transplant of rule of law ideals only occurred post-war and the transplant of western legal systems were in the course of colonization and voluntary importation for Japan to move forward economically . The first Prime Minister of India, Jawarhalal Nehru, saw the rule of law as synonymous with the maintenance of a civilised existence. IndiaRead MorePrisons Are Exclusive Frameworks Of Interaction1560 Words   |  7 Pagesfamily members or legal counsel. Being engaged in such close relationships over lengthy periods of time, forming familiar bonds of friendship, likely discourages the reporting of inappropriate inmate actions to the warden or other oversight bodies. Reticence to report misconducts also stems from the perception that such actions will result in the officer being targeted for retaliatory action, such as physical assault. (Steinberg, 2004). A significant amount of prison corruption in the relationshipRead MorePublic Corruption1462 Words   |  6 PagesPUBLIC CORRUPTION Kelly Monks Anthony F. Scarpelli CJ-305-02 Applied Criminal Justice Ethics Unit 2 Critical Analysis Essay May 1, 2011 PUBLIC CORRUPTION Public corruption involves a breach of public trust and/or abuse of position by federal, state, or local officials and their private sector accomplices. By broad definition, a government official, whether elected, appointed or hired, may violate federal law when he/she asks for, demands, solicits, accepts, or agrees to receiveRead MoreCode Of Conduct For Law Enforcement Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesJr October 22, 2016 Contents Introduction 2 Police Ethics 2 Corruption 3 Police Corruption 3 Police Discretion in Ethics 4 Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement 4 Types of Police Corruption 4 Ethics in the Courtroom 5 Prosecuting Attorneys 5 Defense Attorneys 5 Ethics in Police Training 6 Closing 6 Introduction Ethics by definition states that it’s the study of morality. Ethics are the basis of our criminal justice system. From the arresting officers who take an oath to serve and protect,Read More Police Corruption and Misconduct Essay1684 Words   |  7 Pages Police corruption and misconduct come apparent in many different forms. A basic definition for police corruption is, when an officer gets involved in offenses where the officer uses his or her position, by act or omission, to obtain improper financial benefit. The main reason for such corruption is typically for personal gain, such as bribery. Police abuse of authority occurs in three different general areas such as physical abuse, psychological abuse, and legal abuse. Physical abuse is such

Affirmative Action Research Paper - 2403 Words

Affirmative Action University of Phoenix Susan E. Ricard Since the beginning of affirmative action, there has been controversy about the program being an effective tool to eliminate discrimination in education and the workplace. Even though the numbers with affirmative action plans seemed to have improved the percentage of minorities in schools and workplaces, it does not work to mandate that people change. Once the mandates disappear the numbers begin to decrease. In its conception in 1964 with the implementation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, affirmative action was meant to be a way of allowing an equal opportunity for, at this time, blacks to be given the same chances as white men. The argument was that since the beginning†¦show more content†¦Should not the proponents of affirmative action, rather, want to improve the education of the minorities before college so that the standards can remain equal? How compassionate are people when the standards are lowered and what does that do to the mentality of the ones who get accepted without actually being good enough. Lyndon Johnson stated it perfectly by saying, â€Å"You do not take a person who, for years, has been hobbled by chains and liberate him, bring him up to the starting line of a race and then say,† ’You are free to compete’†¦ and still justly believe that you have been completely fair†. (Nagel, 2001). To make someone more equal, progress ive steps should be involved. Those on the minority side, who may not have the best education, sometimes must work harder to prove themselves. This work ethic is not all bad and especially, today, does not only apply to minorities but also to those with any disadvantage. Who has ever been disappointed in themselves for working hard to get where they are, or for their accomplishments? Those that work hard to acquire success have greater self-esteem and more self-worth than those who have not had to earn a position or status. There are many prominent blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and women who have gotten their positions by hard work and determination, not affirmative action. Some of the black prominent figures who advanced themselves include:Show MoreRelatedThe Ban On Affirmative Action902 Words   |  4 Pagesplan on researching why California and other states should uplift the ban of Affirmative Action is establishments like universities. Removing the ban on Affirmative Action would help encourage and advance that generally don’t gravitate towards higher education thus equalizing the playing field in terms of success in future life. So California should heavily consider lifting the legislative bans on the Affirmative Action Plan because although all Americans should be treated as equals, there are instancesRead MoreLegal Writing1315 Words   |  6 PagesAffirmative Action College Admissions 2 Abstract Affirmative action has been a strong subject of discussion and debate for more than 30 years. Its use in college admissions has even been heard and ruled by the U.S. Supreme Court. Affirmative action is in essence, a policy or procedure developed by numerous institutions of higher learning to attempt to diversify their student bodies racially and by ethnicity. Looking closer at this procedure will display the advantages and disadvantages ofRead MoreAffirmative Action : Equal Employment Opportunity1004 Words   |  5 PagesWilliams 1 Kyle D. Williams Ms. Denk Honors English 9 12 May 2017 Research Paper In 1961, president John F Kennedy issued an executive order which created the Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and funded new actions to bring about â€Å"affirmative action† in eliminating racial bias in employment. In 1969 President Richard Nixon created the Philidelphia Order, a plan to make sure fair hiring was enforced. Initially, these acts were meant to correct past mistakes, and the opportunities were similarRead MoreAffirmative Action1571 Words   |  7 PagesName Professor Name Management 11th November 2011 Affirmative Action Thesis: Affirmative Action has helped many women and minorities in entering the job market. Although there has been a lot of hue and cry regarding the benefits of the affirmative action and the suitability of candidates selected thorough affirmative action; research has shown that affirmative action is beneficial and the candidates of affirmative action perform as well as those who are selected through theRead MoreAffirmative Action Is Important For Society1649 Words   |  7 Pages Affirmative action Affirmative action is an attempt to address past discriminatory injustices which may be based on gender, race or ethnicity. Affirmative action may take the form of policies and programs which are mostly mandated by governments and designed to bring changes in organizations, companies and educational institutions. Affirmative action is a vital tool which provides qualified people with equal access to educational or professional opportunities that they would otherwise have beenRead MoreThe Impact Of History And Counseling Theories1046 Words   |  5 Pagesethnic groups, LGBTQ, and the disabled. Unfortunately, understanding culture and being sensitive to the issues of that culture is often challenging for a counselor. Self-awareness is a critical component to being able to help minority clients. This paper will discuss the impact of history and counseling theories and how both have benefited and oppressed cultural groups. History, Theories, Benefits, and Oppression on Cultural Groups I think the theories and history of counseling have erred more towardsRead MoreAffirmative Action1559 Words   |  7 PagesRESEARCH PAPER AFFIRMATIVE ACTION INTRODUCTION Affirmative Action is an employment legislation protection system that is intended to address the systemized discrimination faced by women and minorities. It achieves this by enforcing diversity through operational intrusions into recruitment, selection, and other personnel functions and practices in America. Originally, Affirmative Action arose because of President Lyndon B. Johnson’s desire to integrate society on educationalRead MoreBA 340 Human Resource Management All Assignments Midterm and Final Exam1671 Words   |  7 Pagesthe context,write a 1500 word paper in which you  describe the workforce shifts in types of jobs during the past hundred years.  Also, answer the over-arching question,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"What implications have these workforce shifts created for today’s HR manager?†    Please include a title sheet and 2-3 references.   Only one reference may come from the internet (not Wikipedia).   The other references should be located in the Grantham University online library.   Only the body of the paper will count toward the word requirementRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Affirmative Action Essay1667 Words   |  7 PagesEssay The Affirmative Action Debate Affirmative Action Defined Affirmative Action can be defined as â€Å"positive steps taken to increase the representation of women and minorities in areas of employment, education, and business from which they have been historically excluded (Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)†. However because those steps involve â€Å"preferential† selection affirmative action generates intense controversy (Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Affirmative Action (Negative)Read MoreNecessity of Affirmative Action Essay1096 Words   |  5 PagesIt is illegal to institute quotas and to fulfill them solely based on the race or gender of the applicant in any affirmative action programs. Employers and schools are required to set goals and time frames, for hiring or recruiting women and minorities to achieve racial diversity. Due to under representation of African Americans, women and minorities, affirmative action was created. It was created to ensure the inclusion of all qualified individuals and to prevent race and gender discrimination.

Online Relationships Free Essays

Online Relationships Cyberspace relationships have the advantages of time, distance depletion, and fantasy abilities (Suler). Internet users can take on different identities or take part in fantasy games. They can become someone else. We will write a custom essay sample on Online Relationships or any similar topic only for you Order Now James Katz and Philip Aspen report that the Internet is a place to make friends and stay in touch with far away relatives (Stoll). It makes distance disappear. Also, online a person is given time before they must respond to the other person (Suler). They are given the opportunity to better articulate themselves in writing. It is also possible to store conversations with friends on-line (Suler). Sometimes face to face relationships are hard to make. It’s easier for a shy or awkwardly social person to use the internet to make friends. With all of these social advantages, why are there still many lonely Internet users? â€Å"Paradoxically, the Internet is a social technology used for communication, yet it results in declining social involvement and psychological well-being† (Stoll). There is a large gap between people we can touch and people we can onl†¦ heheheheheh eheh jajb ladjbas hbdfhS HDFBASUB LBFHAB SBDFLABSH CLABHK SCVBKBVKHS FVERBVKDSBFU NVA ;V ASK;VAS GBKV RHK VKJ VUIBKJ; SKJVB; V;KEVKJERVIUOVUER HA HA HA HA HA HA AHA HAHA HA A HAHA AHAHA AHJAH AHA AHA A AHAH A AHA A A HA AHA AH AHAHAA HA A AHA HA AHAH KG GTJT NENE EJSD S SMS DC KJFJ G GKGNMF SDN SNSNKSKSW SWKE EKOEOKE W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W WE How to cite Online Relationships, Essay examples

Analysis of Representation Cultural Integration †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Analysis of Representation Cultural Integration. Answer: Introduction: Australian media is identified as one of the media, which is considered as highly equipped and well-defined in comparison to other media resources of the world. The categorization of influence is identified on different level, but the area which got selected for the discussion here is considered as the health care and culturally safe environment. The current trends of Australia are changing with the changing perspectives. The media was formed in Australia due to colonialism and existing perspective related to the organization. But, in the current frame, media is changing with a very fast speed. Currently, the two media companies are dominating the current aspects related to the market. These organizations are named as the Fairfax and Australian Press (Carlson Dreher, 2017). Both the firms are strongly contributing in the publicity of the local and global media. The media identified in Australia have its firm control on the services and current scenario linked to the county. Apart from this, the media also helps in developing transparent image of the society with the centralized control on the activities. In contrast of this report, the basic aspect is related to the health activities. The major role of the media is to define the unexplored aspects connected to the society. In fact, the current growth aspects related to the different organization may also be managed with the help of media. Apart from this, the Australian media may also assist in defining different growth perspectives on a definite level. As the health care system is defined in this report, so in contrast to the health care system, different perspectives are visualized. The identification of new techniques, management of the other growth factors and new innovations related to the hospitality are considered as some of the major roles of the media in the Australia. The expansion of new techniques and introduction of new discoveries may also get calculated with the help of strong role of media (Cukier Ngwebyama, 2009). From the past many years, the image of media is expanding with a rapid speed. The new discoveries and availability of different forms of media for the common people helps in exploring the general aspects. The different forms of media which are available for highlighting its power are named as the print, social, TV and many more. The power of media also expands because the circulation of news can be done with the help of new techniques and services. The past news and reviews says that the Australian newspapers brings a new technique from U.S. which is identified as the wireless technique. This technique will be helpful in improving the existing power of the Australian media as well (Harding, 2005). The specification to the current scenario and market aspects of health care are also defined with the help of power of existing media in Australia. The reachability towards the culturally health care is becoming easier and comfortable as well. The positive aspects of the power and role of media on the culturally safe health care are very impressive. It becomes easier to disclose new affirmations and achievements among the common people. The common people can also able to access definite set of information from the media. In fact, the complex diseases of Australia also need specific information, which can be explored through the help of media. The different sources of media will aid in exploring the information, but simultaneously, the negative side of this aspect is that the basic ideas and approaches are explored on a wide level. Due to this, sometimes negative aspects may also get explored in front of the common people as well (Roberts, 2008). Impact of the media on culturally safe care The Australian health industry is identified as one of the complex industry. There are various changes and challenges identified on a continuous level. Before initiating the impacts of media on health care system, it is essential to assume the actual health care system associated to the Australia as well. The approach to the health care system is long lasting. The health care system is multifaceted system, which is divided into various steps. The patients have to face various steps and after that, suitable assistance to the patient can be identified. To manage specific process of healthcare system, the media and its specific roles got mentioned (Leask, King, Hooker, 2010). In reference to the Australia, the media plays the prominent role in exploring an awareness among the people on a wide level. All media like print, voice and TV plays their specific role in spreading specific set of awareness among the people. The internet and TV media is identified with an unparalleled mechanism through which the communication mechanism gets more strengthened. For an example, the swine flu is identified as such disease in which the disease spread among the common people with a fast speed. In fact, the chances for recovery are also very less. The main reason is the hidden pitch of these diseases. The media plays a prominent role defining the actual cause and unexpected reviews related to the disease. It will be very helpful for the common people for their recovery. Similar to this, there are various perspectives, which are affecting the health of people and detected by media as well (Australian Government, 2017). The traditional components like the print media and radio are considered as the poor vehicles for spreading knowledge among the common people. For making the approach vibrant, new tools of media like evidence based Journalism or Forlorn Hope is considered as one of the major sources for making the identity possible. This tool will be helpful in defining basic cause and symptoms for the disease on a wide level. Apart from this, the common public can able to identify methods and solutions as well. Apart from these services, the media also come up with special programs in which the introduction of new technology and marvelous techniques are also specified on a large landscape. The common public can also identify the actual change that is occurring on the level of media (Belfrage, 2007). The media also assists in supporting live campaigns and promotions related to the current diseases affecting the society. These diseases are named as diabetes, low blood pressure, obesity and many other genetic disorders. To manage these diseases, the media campaign is essential to be planned. The media also helps in generating required funds and amount for the growth and development related to the new campaign introduced in the society as well. The new method of journalism may also help in introducing healthcare professionals. These healthcare professionals are helpful in providing specific details and aspects related to the disease which is affecting common people with a rapid speed. In fact, the University of Sydney Human research ethics committee also discloses that media is considered as the most vibrant method through which hidden diseases can be sorted out (Walker, Cromarty, Linkewich, 2010). The common people can understand the outcomes and general prescription related to th e current disease. In short, it can be identified that the media is considered as the strong tool which may aid in providing the details of specific disease and apart from this, best possible aspects related to the media may also get generated. Demonstration of potential influence on Cultural Safety The cultural safety is considered as one of the basis aspect which may help in defining major aspects related to the health in country. The cultural safety is mainly related to the participation, protection and partnership. To manage the cultural safety aspects, it needs to identify the selection of media items. The selection of the best media items will be helpful in providing assistance for the process of improvement as well. The two media items which got selected for the discussion process are identified as the print media and internet T.V media (Korff, 2017). The first media item is identified as the print media. This is recognized as the most specific and richest source of expanding services associated with the healthcare in Australia. Due to the introduction of technology, the society is changing with very fast rate. In fact, the sharing of information among the common people is also changing, but still print media is considered as the best source of sharing information on a wide level. In Australia, diseases like obesity in Adolescence, diabetes and high blood pressure are becoming common. The written report of these aspects can be defined with help of print media only. The print media plays a positive role in the process of spreading news and latest reviews related to the current diseases which are spreading with a wide speed. The information related to the disease can be identified in the form of written articles, surveys, feedbacks and well managed data. By this, it will become easier to make the communication suitable and focused. The power and influence of daily news in newspapers will be helpful in providing specific assistance for the improvement as well. On daily basis, the newspaper like the Australian, the telegraph, the Australian financial reviews and the Sydney morning Herald will aid in providing specific assistance in the correct direction for defining the disease to the common people. Apart from this, print media also acts as the cheapest source for reachability to the common people (Honigman, 2013). Any class of the people in Australia can afford this medium to identify the diseases, which are getting common day by day. In short, it can be identified that the potential influence of print media is very strong and connective. It may help in creating positive impact on various developmental aspects as well. The cultural safety in health care and major domains related to the areas of health can easily be managed with the help of print media. The potential generate by the organization is very strong and effective as well. The second media item which is identified for the discussion is named as the T.V and internet media. This media is also considered as the most prominent source of spreading information among the common people. There are various positive perspectives of the internet in spreading health awareness and generating health campaigns, but the negative side of the T.V. and internet is that by this, the wrong information may also get spread among the people. For an example, there are various aboriginal issues that are identified on an initial level. These aboriginal issues are not covered by the media. Generally, the TV and internet are considered as the major source for down putting and ignorant treatment of the aboriginal activities. The people and society who are suffering from these diseases have to face the side effects too (Macri, 2016). The majority of online and TV media keep on covering those diseases which are getting common. These hidden diseases have only few columnist and reporter s who are providing specific guidance to the common people. This negative influence will create an inappropriate impact on the developmental aspects on the society as well as on the health related process. Apart from this, some articles also define that the Australian media is not so diverse. Due to the issues of diversification, the criteria for covering the major reports are not being identified at a specific level. In the year 2015, a survey was conducted in which about 75% of the articles were fake and 25% of the articles were not getting sufficient ground for the improvement of health and culturally recognized health system. This shows the negative influence of the process in all the possible manners. Conclusion By assuming different perspectives and processes related to the different types of media and their role in the society, it can be assumed that it is essential to manage basic perspectives connected to the advertisement and publicity. The health care sector is wide and there are various diseases that are hidden. For expanding the knowledge and to share basic aspects related to the disease, it is essential to look forward for the definite approach and medium too. There are various mediums that are provided for the development and improvement as well. In the above report, the media and its power are creating strong influence on the current diseases that are spreading very rapidly. There are various negative and positive perspectives that are visible on the level of media in Australia. The media is successful in managing all these perspectives. Apart from this, the media is also providing suitable structure for the development of existing aspects related to the current disease. In fact, media is also identified as one of the most developed and authorized aspect through which special attention can easily be drawn on the perspectives related to the health issues. The media is helpful in bringing change in the health matters and suitable processes related to it. For making the smooth flow of publicity and the appropriate services, there are various set of recommendations provided. These recommendations may help in providing assistance in the right direction. The first recommendation is related to the expansion and management of media. For this process, launch of media items should be managed in definite manner. Apart from this, the correct usage of media tools may also help in providing specific set of assistance as well. The second recommendation is related to the identification of cultural aspects and procedures. This may aid in providing developmental aspects for the improvement in culturally managed health care issues. References Australian Government. (2017). Australia's health system. Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au/australias-health/2014/health-system/ Belfrage, M. (2007). Why culturally safe health care? MJA Journal, 186(10), 537-538. Retrieved from https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2007/186/10/why-culturally-safe-health-care Carlson, B., Dreher, T. (2017). Indigenous Innovation in Social Media. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/pb-assets/cmscontent/MIA/MIA_CFP_Indigenous_innovation_in_social_media.pdf Cukier, W., Ngwebyama, O. (2009, March). A critical analysis of media discourse on information technology: preliminary results of a proposed method for critical discourse analysis. Wiley journal, 19(2), 175196 . Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2575.2008.00296.x/abstract Harding, R. (2005). The media, aboriginal people and common sense. The Canadian Journal of Native Studies, 24(1), 311-335. Retrieved from https://www3.brandonu.ca/cjns/25.1/cjnsv25no1_pg311-335.pdf Honigman, B. (2013, September). 24 Outstanding Statistics Figures on How Social Media has Impacted the Health Care Industry. Retrieved from https://getreferralmd.com/2013/09/healthcare-social-media-statistics/ Korff, J. (2017, March 06). Mainstream media coverage of Aboriginal issues. Retrieved from https://www.creativespirits.info/aboriginalculture/politics/media-coverage-of-aboriginal-issues#axzz4glI51chZ Leask, J., King, C., Hooker, C. (2010, September 08). Media coverage of health issues and how to work more effectively with journalists: a qualitative study. Retrieved from https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-10-535 Macri, J. (2016, January 06). Australia;s health system: some issues and challanges. Retrieved from https://health-medical-economics.imedpub.com/australias-health-system-some-issuesand-challenges.php?aid=8344 Roberts, J. (2008). Analysis of the representation of Indigenous Australians in mainstream print media: An exploration centred on the social determinants of health. La Trobe University. Retrieved from https://www.lowitja.org.au/sites/default/files/docs/Thesis-UPDATED-08.pdf Walker, R., Cromarty, H., Linkewich, B. (2010). Achieving Cultural Integration in Health Services: Design of Comprehensive Hospital Model for Traditional Healing, Medicines, Foods and Supports. Retrieved from https://www.naho.ca/documents/journal/jah06_01/06_01_06_Cultural_Integration_in_Health_Services.pdf